Exploring Issues of Culture in Peer Work – A Qualitative Study

Adm Policy Ment Health. 2026 May 23. doi: 10.1007/s10488-026-01509-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Peer work and Lived Expertise are vital for shaping individual and collective understandings of mental health, addiction, and behavioral health service systems. Culturally and Racially Marginalized [CARM] people are underrepresented in peer support work but also encounter multiple challenges as they navigate often traditional service settings. There is an urgent need for more diverse voices within these spaces, especially those of CARM communities. This research aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding experiences of equity, diversity, inclusion, and belonging by peer workers employed in traditional behavioral health settings. Employing grounded theory methods to guide data collection and analysis, it examined qualitative data derived from a larger study of peer workers from five multidisciplinary organizations in the United States. The analysis identified key themes and challenges encountered by diverse CARM peer workers within behavioral health systems. The themes include: Potential enablers for CARM individuals in peer work contexts; Mental health and AOD systems dominated by white cultural perspectives; CARM people not having a voice in the peer movement; and Challenges faced by CARM people within peer work contexts and when taking on peer work roles. Each domain was divided into subthemes that either support or hinder the promotion of cultural responsiveness in settings that center lived experience and Lived Expertise. The findings of this study have significant implications for practice, underscoring the need for systemic and structural changes to ensure peer work environments are inclusive, equitable, and reflective of the diverse, intersectional communities they serve.

PMID:42174351 | DOI:10.1007/s10488-026-01509-7