BACKGROUND: Despite many studies on the relationship between affective temperaments and suicidal ideation, the possible interaction effects of affective temperaments are unknown.
OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to find the representative types of Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) profiles and verify their relationship with suicidal ideation.
METHODS: We analyzed outpatients aged ≥18 years and diagnosed with bipolar I, bipolar II, or major depressive disorder. Latent profile analysis was conducted using TEMPS-A scores, and each profile was named after the sample means of the affective temperaments that were higher than those of the total sample. Patients were assigned into subgroups according to their TEMPS-A scores. Analysis of covariance and post-hoc analyses were conducted to verify the relationship between TEMPS-A profiles and suicidal ideation.
RESULTS: Seven types of TEMPS-A profiles were deemed most appropriate. The TEMPS-A profiles had a significant effect on the level of suicidal ideation, whereas mood disorder diagnoses did not significantly affect suicidal ideation nor the strength of the relationship between TEMPS-A profiles and suicidal ideation. Among the TEMPS-A profiles, depressive profile; anxious, cyclothymic, and depressive profile; cyclothymic and hyperthymic profile; cyclothymic, depressive, and irritable profile; and anxious, cyclothymic, hyperthymic, and irritable profile were related to more severe suicidal ideation.
CONCLUSION: Certain affective temperaments may be strongly intercorrelated with one another. TEMPS-A profiles that showed high severity of suicidal ideation met at least one of two conditions: highly depressive temperament, and both highly cyclothymic and hyperthymic temperament.
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