Evidence
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2024 Sep 23. doi: 10.3758/s13415-024-01223-7. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Attentional set shifting refers to the ease with which the focus of attention is directed and switched. Cognitive tasks, such as the widely used CANTAB IED, reveal great variation in set shifting ability in the general population, with notable impairments in those with psychiatric diagnoses. The attentional and learning processes underlying this cognitive ability and how they lead to the observed variation remain unknown. To directly test this, we used a modelling approach on two independent large-scale online general-population samples performing CANTAB IED, with one including additional psychiatric symptom assessment. We found a hierarchical model that learnt both feature values and dimension attention best explained the data and that compulsive symptoms were associated with slower learning and higher attentional bias to the first relevant stimulus dimension. These data showcase a new methodology to analyse data from the CANTAB IED task, as well as suggest a possible mechanistic explanation for the variation in set shifting performance, and its relationship to compulsive symptoms.
PMID:39313748 | DOI:10.3758/s13415-024-01223-7
Estimated reading time: 4 minute(s)
Latest: Psychiatryai.com #RAISR4D Evidence
Cool Evidence: Engaging Young People and Students in Real-World Evidence ☀️
Real-Time Evidence Search [Psychiatry]
AI Research
A hierarchical reinforcement learning model explains individual differences in attentional set shifting
🌐 90 Days
AI Virtual Reality Related Evidence Matrix
- Individuals with anxiety and depression use atypical decision strategies in an uncertain world
- Exploring neurocognitive features in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa: Evidence from a longitudinal study
- Exploring neurocognitive features in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa: Evidence from a longitudinal study
- Altered prefrontal and cerebellar parvalbumin neuron counts are associated with cognitive changes in male rats
- The relationship between structural properties of frontal cortical regions and response inhibition in 6-14-year-old children
- Did I tell you something personal? The influence of the distinctive features on destination memory
- Drawing as a means to characterize memory and cognition
- The relationship between gendered racism and binge eating symptoms among young adult U.S. Black women: Identity shifting as a mediator
- The relationship between gendered racism and binge eating symptoms among young adult U.S. Black women: Identity shifting as a mediator
- Patterns of neural activity in prelimbic cortex neurons correlate with attentional behavior in the rodent continuous performance test
- Age moderates associations between dementia worry and subjective cognition
- Genetic neurodevelopmental clustering and dyslexia
- Genetic neurodevelopmental clustering and dyslexia
- Dopamine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Encodes the General Excitatory Components of Learning
- CACNA1C rs58619945 genotype influences the cortical thickness of attention network among patients with Bipolar Ⅰ disorder
- CACNA1C rs58619945 genotype influences the cortical thickness of attention network among patients with Bipolar Ⅰ disorder
- Do pregnancy and motherhood have an impact on cognitive functions in women
- DEL-Thyroid: deep ensemble learning framework for detection of thyroid cancer progression through genomic mutation
- Mechanism of Duration Perception in Artificial Brains Suggests New Model of Attentional Entrainment
- Flexible decision-making is related to strategy learning, vicarious trial and error, and medial prefrontal rhythms during spatial set-shifting
- Constructing prediction models and analyzing factors in suicidal ideation using machine learning, focusing on the older population
- Pre-stimulus EEG phase coherence predicts visual target detection failures in schizophrenia: A pilot study
- The dynamic strategy shifting task: Optimisation of an operant task for assessing cognitive flexibility in rats
- Genetic Programming for Automatically Evolving Multiple Features to Classification
- HMM for discovering decision-making dynamics using reinforcement learning experiments
- Changes of attentional bias in patients with alcohol use disorder during abstinence: A longitudinal study
- Conflicting sensory information sharpens the neural representations of early selective visuospatial attention
- A Machine Learning Approach to Concussion Risk Estimation Among Players Exhibiting Visible Signs in Professional Hockey
- Mental effort during mindless reading? Pupil fluctuations indicate internal processing during levels of inattention
- Intrinsic neural timescales exhibit different lengths in distinct meditation techniques
- Developing a fair and interpretable representation of the clock drawing test for mitigating low education and racial bias
- What Explains the Link Between Hearing and Vision Impairment and Cognitive Function? Analysis of Mediating Effects in the USA, England and Ireland
- The effect of individual differences on Pavlovian conditioning in specific Internet-use disorders
- Understanding the Psychosis Spectrum Using a Hierarchical Model of Social Cognition
- Sex Matters: Association with Superager Classification and Risk Factors
- Bimodal alteration of cognitive accuracy for spintronic artificial neural networks
- Bimodal alteration of cognitive accuracy for spintronic artificial neural networks
- Machine Learning Prediction of Autism Spectrum Disorder From a Minimal Set of Medical and Background Information
- Speech sound error patterns may signal language disorder in Swedish preschool children with autism
- Prediction of Axial Length From Macular Optical Coherence Tomography Using Deep Learning Model
- Comprehensive multimodal deep learning survival prediction enabled by a transformer architecture: A multicenter study in glioblastoma
- ASD-similar social behaviour scores affect stimulus generalization in family dogs
- Implementing mobile eye tracking in psychological research: A practical guide
- A holistic framework to model student's cognitive process in mathematics education through fuzzy cognitive maps
- Neurocognitive features in childhood & adulthood in autism spectrum disorder: A neurodiversity approach
- Dynamics of spontaneous thoughts: Exploration, attentional profile and the segmentation of the stream of thoughts
- The effect of volatility in linguistic input on prediction behavior in autistic toddlers
- Approach and withdrawal from cognitively effortful activities: Development, validation, and transdiagnostic clinical utility of a cognitive motivation scale
- Contributions of brain regions to machine learning-based classifications of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) utilizing EEG signals
- Dysfunctional Alpha Modulation as a Mechanism of Working Memory Impairment in Serious Mental Illness
- Distinct neural plasticity enhancing visual perception
- Distinct neural plasticity enhancing visual perception
- Diminished pain sensitivity mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and reduced learning from pain
- Diminished pain sensitivity mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and reduced learning from pain
- Deep learning classification of pediatric spinal radiographs for use in large scale imaging registries
- Diminished pain sensitivity mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and reduced learning from pain
- Higher order affordances
- Core Set of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Measuring Quality of Life in Clinical Obesity Care
- Development and Evaluation of the Maintenance Office Duty Test: An Alternate Form of the Charge of Quarters Duty Test for Assessing Executive Function After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury to Inform Duty-Readiness After Concussion
- Determinantal point process attention over grid cell code supports out of distribution generalization
- Risk preference as an outcome of evolutionarily adaptive learning mechanisms: An evolutionary simulation under diverse risky environments
- Associative Learning and Active Inference
- An Effective Deep Learning Framework for Fall Detection: Model Development and Study Design
- Psychiatric Symptoms, Cognition, and Symptom Severity in Children
Evidence Blueprint
A hierarchical reinforcement learning model explains individual differences in attentional set shifting
☊ AI-Driven Related Evidence Nodes
(recent articles with at least 5 words in title)
More Evidence
A hierarchical reinforcement learning model explains individual differences in attentional set shifting
🌐 365 Days
AI Virtual Reality Related Evidence Matrix
- Prospective associations between cognitive flexibility and eating disorder symptoms in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
- Procedural auditory category learning is selectively disrupted in developmental language disorder
- Does the reliability of computational models truly improve with hierarchical modeling? Some recommendations and considerations for the assessment of model parameter reliability : Reliability of computational model parameters
- A primer on the use of computational modelling to investigate affective states, affective disorders and animal welfare in non-human animals
- Cognitive control in infancy: Attentional predictors using a tablet-based measure
- Postnatal maternal care moderates the effects of prenatal bisphenol exposure on offspring neurodevelopmental, behavioral, and transcriptomic outcomes
- Individuals with anxiety and depression use atypical decision strategies in an uncertain world
- Exploring neurocognitive features in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa: Evidence from a longitudinal study
- Exploring neurocognitive features in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa: Evidence from a longitudinal study
- Altered prefrontal and cerebellar parvalbumin neuron counts are associated with cognitive changes in male rats
- The relationship between structural properties of frontal cortical regions and response inhibition in 6-14-year-old children
- Computational modelling of reinforcement learning and functional neuroimaging of probabilistic reversal for dissociating compulsive behaviours in gambling and cocaine use disorders
- Attention and sensory integration for gait in young adults with autism spectrum disorder
- Tracking the misallocation and reallocation of spatial attention towards auditory stimuli
- Group cognitive remediation therapy for adolescents with anorexia nervosa: Outcomes before, after, and during follow-up in a real-world setting in Japan
- Novel attentional gait index reveals a cognitive ability-related decline in gait automaticity during dual-task walking
- Leveraging Online Treatment to Re-examine the Association Between Alcohol Use and Disinhibition
- Standards for levels of lead in soil and dust around the world
- Standards for levels of lead in soil and dust around the world
- Improved estimation of general cognitive ability and its neural correlates with a large battery of cognitive tasks
- ECG-surv: A deep learning-based model to predict time to 1-year mortality from 12-lead electrocardiogram
- ECG-surv: A deep learning-based model to predict time to 1-year mortality from 12-lead electrocardiogram
- Bored with boredom? Trait boredom predicts internet addiction through the mediating role of attentional bias toward social networks
- Multi-hierarchy Network Configuration Can Predict Brain States and Performance
- Discriminative machine learning for maximal representative subsampling
- Form perception is a cognitive correlate of the relation between subitizing ability and math performance
- Executive functions in adolescents with gender dysphoria
- Perseveration and Shifting in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder as a Function of Uncertainty, Punishment, and Serotonergic Medication
- Predictive modelling of brain disorders with magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review of modelling practices, transparency, and interpretability in the use of convolutional neural networks
- Schizophrenia-relevant social, attentional and cognitive traits in female RHA vs. RLA rats: effects of neonatal handling
- Semantically congruent bimodal presentation modulates cognitive control over attentional guidance by working memory
- Preoperative executive functioning impairments in patients with a meningioma: does a frontal location matter?
- Association of antidepressant and benzodiazepine use, and anticholinergic burden with cognitive performance in schizophrenia
- Optogenetic inhibition of rat anterior cingulate cortex impairs the ability to initiate and stay on task
- Did I tell you something personal? The influence of the distinctive features on destination memory
- Testing the role of associative learning in evidence-based treatments for anorexia nervosa
- Drawing as a means to characterize memory and cognition
- Leveraging individual differences in cue-reward learning to investigate the psychological and neural basis of shared psychiatric symptomatology: The sign-tracker/goal-tracker model
- The relationship between gendered racism and binge eating symptoms among young adult U.S. Black women: Identity shifting as a mediator
- The relationship between gendered racism and binge eating symptoms among young adult U.S. Black women: Identity shifting as a mediator
- Effects of Two Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Early Adolescents for Attentional, Emotional, and Behavioral Self-Regulation
- Correction: Opening new vistas on obsessive-compulsive disorder with the observing response task
- Leveraging a cross-species probabilistic reward task (PRT) in suicide research. A commentary on Luc and Kangas (2024)
- Patterns of neural activity in prelimbic cortex neurons correlate with attentional behavior in the rodent continuous performance test
- Automatic detection of cognitive impairment in patients with white matter hyperintensity and causal analysis of related factors using artificial intelligence of MRI
- Age moderates associations between dementia worry and subjective cognition
- Genetic neurodevelopmental clustering and dyslexia
- Genetic neurodevelopmental clustering and dyslexia
- High task demand in dual-target paradigm redirects experimentally increased anxiety to uphold goal-directed attention
- The role of cognitive flexibility on higher level executive functions in mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults
- The role of cognitive flexibility on higher level executive functions in mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults
- Examining attentional control deficits in adolescents with test anxiety: An evidential synthesis using self-report, behavioral, and resting-state EEG measures
- Multilingualism is associated with small task-specific advantages in cognitive performance of older adults
- Correction to: Imagining emotional future events in PTSD: clinical and neurocognitive correlates
- Dopamine Release in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Encodes the General Excitatory Components of Learning
- CACNA1C rs58619945 genotype influences the cortical thickness of attention network among patients with Bipolar Ⅰ disorder
- CACNA1C rs58619945 genotype influences the cortical thickness of attention network among patients with Bipolar Ⅰ disorder
- The granular retrosplenial cortex is necessary in male rats for object-location associative learning and memory, but not spatial working memory or visual discrimination and reversal, in the touchscreen operant chamber
- Do pregnancy and motherhood have an impact on cognitive functions in women
- Theory of mind in mild cognitive impairment and Parkinson's disease: The role of memory impairment
- A novel image database for social concepts reveals preference biases in autistic spectrum in adults and children
- DEL-Thyroid: deep ensemble learning framework for detection of thyroid cancer progression through genomic mutation
- A Multinomial Processing Tree Model of the 2-back Working Memory Task
- Mechanism of Duration Perception in Artificial Brains Suggests New Model of Attentional Entrainment