The issue of “combined homicide”: a review of the literature and an explanatory case including blunt force trauma, strangulation and stab wounds

Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2025 Apr 16. doi: 10.1007/s12024-025-01007-6. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Among the various methods employed in the commission of homicide, the occurrence of what is termed a “combined homicide” has been documented, where the perpetrator uses more than one method to bring about the victim’s death. This article presents the case of a 59-year-old woman who was murdered by her husband in a premeditated manner, using three distinct methods in succession: blunt force trauma inflicted by hammer blows to the head, asphyxia through strangulation with a cord and sharp force injury resulting from multiple stab wounds to the abdomen. In the literature, only a limited number of cases have been analyzed under such a classification and there is currently no widely accepted nosological definition. This case shares similarities with instances of “complex suicide,” particularly due to the use of multiple injurious methods. However, it does not fall within the “overkill” category, as the intent was not to inflict excessive harm on the body, but to kill the victim. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a clear and consistent definition of “combined homicides” to ensure accurate classification and facilitate a comprehensive forensic investigation.

PMID:40240696 | DOI:10.1007/s12024-025-01007-6