Gender differences in psychiatric diagnoses and patient-reported experiences with inpatient mental health care in Alberta

Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2026 Feb;60:152054. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2026.152054. Epub 2026 Jan 11.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Patients’ experiences within psychiatric inpatient settings play a vital role in shaping both their overall well-being and therapeutic outcomes. Several core components contribute to a positive hospital experience, including effective care planning, individualized services, coordinated healthcare delivery, clear communication, and the upholding of patient dignity. A structured care planning process, incorporating comprehensive assessments and goal-setting, can significantly enhance patient involvement. Furthermore, emotional support and active participation in treatment decisions strengthen personalization of care, while interprofessional collaboration promotes continuity and integration across services.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimes to assess gender differences among psychiatric inpatients in Alberta, focusing on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical diagnoses, and self-reported experiences with core aspects of hospital care.

METHODS: Psychiatric inpatients from 11 acute care hospitals in four Alberta cities were invited to complete an online experience survey at discharge. The survey included 21 multiple-choice questions on key care areas and was completed in person using tablets provided by the research team. Clinical and sociodemographic data were also collected. Participation was voluntary and confidential.

RESULTS: Responses from 977 participants revealed significant gender-based differences in psychiatric diagnoses. However, no notable gender disparities were found in patient-reported experiences related to care planning, treatment choices, personalized care, communication, dignity, or staff coordination.

CONCLUSION: Despite observable gender-based differences in diagnostic patterns, patient-reported experiences regarding the quality and provision of psychiatric care remained consistent. These results suggest that psychiatric inpatient services in Alberta largely succeed in delivering equitable care that meets the needs of individuals across gender groups.

PMID:41864727 | DOI:10.1016/j.apnu.2026.152054