Latent profile analysis of rumination subtypes and associations with suicidal ideation and behavior

Death Stud. 2025 Nov 27:1-9. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2025.2591318. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

This study examined profiles of rumination and their associations with suicidal ideation and behavior. Two hundred fourteen adults (≥18 years) completed an online survey between July 2024 and March 2025. Latent profile analysis used four rumination subtypes. Five profiles emerged: low (20.1%), moderate reflection-deliberate (30.4%), moderate brooding–intrusive (21.0%), high reflection-deliberate (11.2%), and high brooding-intrusive (17.3%). Compared with the low rumination class, depression was higher in the moderate and high brooding-intrusive classes (ORs = 1.95-2.10), anxiety was elevated across all higher-rumination classes (ORs = 1.61-2.33), and attentional control was lower in the moderate and high brooding-intrusive rumination classes (ORs = 0.82). Moderate and high classes also showed greater suicidal ideation, intensity, and risk. Both brooding-intrusive and reflection-deliberate rumination were associated with increased suicide risk, underscoring the need to address diverse rumination styles in suicide prevention.

PMID:41306060 | DOI:10.1080/07481187.2025.2591318