Evidence
![](https://psychiatryai.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/psychiatryai_com.webp)
Ital J Pediatr. 2023 Aug 31;49(1):109. doi: 10.1186/s13052-023-01518-4.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Procedural pain is very important in clinical children care. We aimed to evaluate the effects of active versus passive distraction for reducing procedural pain and anxiety in children.
METHODS: Two researchers searched the Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, SinoMed, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu databases for the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on the active versus passive distraction affecting procedural pain and anxiety in children until May 18, 2023. The literature screening and data extraction were carried out by two researchers independently. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for data analysis.
RESULTS: 13 RCTs were finally included. 553 children received active distraction intervention and 551 children received passive distraction intervention. There were no significant differences in the children self-reported procedural pain betweent active and passive distraction. The parent-reported procedural pain, medical staff-reported procedural pain, children-reported procedural anxiety, parent-reported procedural anxiety, medical staff-reported procedural anxiety in the active distraction were significant less than that of active distraction. Egger regression analysis showed that there was no publication bias in the results.
CONCLUSIONS: Existing evidence suggests that active distraction may be more effective in reducing operational pain and anxiety in children than passive distraction. More studies on the effects of active distraction versus passive distraction in children with larger sample size are needed in the future.
PMID:37653423 | DOI:10.1186/s13052-023-01518-4
![Google](https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/2x/googlelogo_light_color_92x30dp.png)
![Google Keep](https://www.gstatic.com/images/branding/product/1x/keep_48dp.png)
![Share on Linkedin](https://psychiatryai.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/linkedin-logo-png-2048-1.png)
Estimated reading time: 4 minute(s)
Latest: Psychiatryai.com #RAISR4D Evidence
![](/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/bd462cc11bcf0bd0d0d6f1d0f8b7cd04-modified-1.png)
Cool Evidence: Engaging Young People and Students in Real-World Evidence
![](/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/bd462cc11bcf0bd0d0d6f1d0f8b7cd04-modified-1.png)
Real-Time Evidence Search [Psychiatry]
![](/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/pubmed.png)
AI Research
![](/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Il5nR_nf_400x400-modified-1.png)
Active versus passive distraction for reducing procedural pain and anxiety in children: a meta-analysis and systematic review
![](https://psychiatryai.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/psychiatryai_com.webp)
🌐 90 Days
AI Virtual Reality Related Evidence Matrix
Effects of different doses of intranasal dexmedetomidine on related complications and parents' satisfaction in anesthetized children: a systematic review Effects of Narrative Exposure Therapy for Treating Depressive and Anxious Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Is behavioural activation an effective treatment for depression in children and adolescents? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis Effectiveness of virtual reality on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Efficacy and safety of music therapy for the treatment of anxiety and delirium in ICU patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials The Effects of mHealth Interventions on Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Clinical outcomes of conservative versus surgical treatment for patients with proximal humeral fracture before physiotherapy Audio Distraction for Traction Pin Insertion: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Approach to obtaining a swallow study in a five-year-old with a disability and significant procedural anxiety: A case report Prevalence of dental anxiety among adults in China: a Meta-analysis Use of virtual reality in children in a broad range of medical settings: a systematic narrative review of recent meta-analyses Use of virtual reality in children in a broad range of medical settings: a systematic narrative review of recent meta-analyses The impact of perioperative ketamine or esketamine on the subjective quality of recovery after surgery: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Internet-delivered transdiagnostic psychological treatments for individuals with depression, anxiety or both: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Perceived injustice and pain-related outcomes in children with pain conditions: A systematic review The Influence of Audiovisual Distraction on Pain Reduction During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Under Monitored Anesthesia Care: A Prospective Randomized Trial Dexmedetomidine in Palliative Care: A Versatile New Weapon Against Delirium and Pain-Systematic Review Efficacy of Rehabilitative Techniques on Pain Relief in Patients with Vulvodynia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis The effect of music therapy on language communication and social skills in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis The Effects of Music Therapy on Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy in a Tertiary Care Hospital at Karachi, Pakistan: A Comparative Study Risk of Unfavorable Trajectories of Chronic Pain Severity - Results of a Longitudinal Study in School Children Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Effects of Pharmacological Treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Quality of Life The Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Union Rates Following Joint Arthrodesis: A Meta-Analysis The Effect of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Union Rates Following Joint Arthrodesis: A Meta-Analysis The effects of empiric antibiotic regimens in adults with non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials The effects of empiric antibiotic regimens in adults with non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Global Prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder in Children, Adolescents and Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Reducing Perceived Pain and Anxiety Among Patients Within a Hospital System: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on the degree of liver fibrosis and CRP in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis Comparison of the efficacy of parent-mediated NDBIs on developmental skills in children with ASD and fidelity in parents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis Impact of remote ischemic postconditioning on acute ischemic stroke in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Assessing the Content and Effect of Web-Based Decision Aids for Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Understanding the association between pain and delirium in older hospital inpatients: systematic review and meta-analysis "Leap before you look": Conditions that suppress explicit, knowledge-based learning during visuomotor adaptation Effectiveness of psychoeducational interventions on psychological distress and health-related quality of life among patients with maintenance hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Best practices for the management of febrile seizures in children Efficacy and acceptability of music therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Efficacy and acceptability of music therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Mobile apps to reduce depressive symptoms and alcohol use in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis: A systematic review Application of AI in in Multilevel Pain Assessment Using Facial Images: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in mainland china over the past 6 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder in mainland china over the past 6 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis Group arts therapies for patients with schizophrenia: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis Spiritually Based Interventions for High Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Effects of different exercise interventions on chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer: a study protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis Synchronization of a Virtual Reality Scenario to Uterine Contractions for Labor Pain Management: Development Study and Randomized Controlled Trial Systematic Review on music interventions during pregnancy in favor of the well-being of mothers and eventually their offspring Family-centered interventions and patient outcomes in the adult intensive care unit: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials Family-centered interventions and patient outcomes in the adult intensive care unit: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials Exploring coping strategies among caregivers of children who have survived paediatric cancer in Jordan Harnessing children's picture books to socialize children about pain and injury: a qualitative study The differential effect of psychopathy on active and bystander trolling behaviors: the role of dark tetrad traits and lower agreeableness The differential effect of psychopathy on active and bystander trolling behaviors: the role of dark tetrad traits and lower agreeableness The differential effect of psychopathy on active and bystander trolling behaviors: the role of dark tetrad traits and lower agreeableness Mental health markers and protective factors in students with symptoms of physical pain across WEIRD and non-WEIRD samples - a network analysis Efficacy and acceptability of music therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials The relationship between traumatic exposure and pain perception in children: the moderating role of posttraumatic symptoms In the new era of psychedelic assisted therapy: A systematic review of study methodology in randomized controlled trials Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Anxiety During Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial The Relationship Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Mindfulness programs for problematic usage of the internet: A systematic review and meta-analysis Weekly iron-folic acid supplementation and its impact on children and adolescents iron status, mental health and school performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis in sub-Saharan Africa Daily sleepiness magnifies the relation between same-day passive and active suicide ideation
Evidence Blueprint
Active versus passive distraction for reducing procedural pain and anxiety in children: a meta-analysis and systematic review
![](https://psychiatryai.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/psychiatryai_com.webp)
☊ AI-Driven Related Evidence Nodes
(recent articles with at least 5 words in title)
More Evidence
![](https://psychiatryai.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/psychiatryai_com.webp)
Active versus passive distraction for reducing procedural pain and anxiety in children: a meta-analysis and systematic review
🌐 365 Days
AI Virtual Reality Related Evidence Matrix
Patients' use of virtual reality technology for pain reduction during outpatient hysteroscopy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Virtual reality vs. buzzy®. efficacy in pain and anxiety management during pediatric venipuncture. Systematic review and meta-analysis Therapeutic communication improves patient comfort during venipuncture in children: a single-blinded intervention study Effectiveness of virtual reality on anxiety and pain management in patients undergoing cardiac procedures: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis The impact of rumination on fibromyalgia pain after physical activity: an experimental study The Effects of Music-Based Interventions for Pain and Anxiety Management during Vaginal Labour and Caesarean Delivery: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Randomised Controlled Trials Effect of cognitive-behavior therapy for children with functional abdominal pain: a meta-analysis The effectiveness of mindfulness yoga on patients with major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Problem-Solving Skills Training for Parents of Children With Chronic Health Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Virtual reality for pain reduction during Intravenous injection among pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials Effects of different doses of intranasal dexmedetomidine on related complications and parents' satisfaction in anesthetized children: a systematic review Effects of acupuncture on sleep quality in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis The Effect of Using Virtual Reality Headset During Burn Dressing on Pain, Anxiety and Fear Felt in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical and cognitive effects of external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS) in neurological and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis Physical activity and education about physical activity for chronic musculoskeletal pain in children and adolescents Efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 632 patients Efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 632 patients Psychological treatments for the management of pain after musculoskeletal injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis Effects of acupuncture on mental health of migraine patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for patients with fibromyalgia: a systematic review protocol When Does Intervention End and Surgery Begin? The Role of Interventional Pain Management in the Treatment of Spine Pathology Acupuncture therapies for relieving pain in pelvic inflammatory disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis Oral analgesic for musculoskeletal injuries in children: A systematic review and network meta-analysis Review of outpatient procedural sedation clinics in a tertiary paediatric hospital in South Australia Screening for depression in children and adolescents in primary care or non-mental health settings: a systematic review update Effects of music therapy on degree of cooperation with anesthesia induction and preoperative anxiety in children with simple congenital heart disease: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis The effectiveness of virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality rehabilitation in total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis The use of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques to reduce body weight and food cravings: A systematic review and meta-analysis Effects of Narrative Exposure Therapy for Treating Depressive and Anxious Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis The effect of a parental preparation video (Take5) on child and parent anxiety during anaesthetic induction: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial Limited Evidence of an Association Between Language, Literacy, and Procedural Learning in Typical and Atypical Development: A Meta-Analysis Is behavioural activation an effective treatment for depression in children and adolescents? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis Effectiveness of nurse-led electronic health interventions on illness management in patients with chronic heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis Effectiveness of virtual reality on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Pain and anxiety management with virtual reality for office hysteroscopy: systemic review and meta-analysis Pain and anxiety management with virtual reality for office hysteroscopy: systemic review and meta-analysis Efficacy and safety of music therapy for the treatment of anxiety and delirium in ICU patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials The Effects of mHealth Interventions on Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY FOR CHRONIC PAIN: AN OVERVIEW OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS WITH META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS Clinical outcomes of conservative versus surgical treatment for patients with proximal humeral fracture before physiotherapy Understanding Mental Health Clinicians' Perceptions and Concerns Regarding Using Passive Patient-Generated Health Data for Clinical Decision-Making: Qualitative Semistructured Interview Study Pain communication in children with autism spectrum disorder: A scoping review The effects of Yakson touch and gentle human touch on preterm infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis Evolution of anxiety management in prostate biopsy under local anesthesia: a narrative review Interventions to build resilience and to ameliorate negative psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis Fiber intake and fiber intervention in depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials Goldfish or aquatic turtle? Impact of two animal assisted interventions on children's pain, anxiety, and fear during IV catheterization: A randomized controlled trial Effectiveness of multiple health behavior change interventions in reducing symptoms of anxiety in the adult population: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials The therapeutic potential of purified cannabidiol Audio Distraction for Traction Pin Insertion: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study Approach to obtaining a swallow study in a five-year-old with a disability and significant procedural anxiety: A case report Effects of psychotherapy interventions on anxiety and depression in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis Regional versus general anesthesia in older patients for hip fracture surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Effects of Combined Therapy of Olanzapine and Samidorphan on Safety and Metabolic Parameters in Schizophrenia Patients: A Meta-Analysis Comparison of basic and advanced behaviour management techniques between Colombian and Spanish parents during regular treatment and in emergency situations Longer-Term Effects of Cardiac Telerehabilitation on Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Prevalence of dental anxiety among adults in China: a Meta-analysis Use of virtual reality in children in a broad range of medical settings: a systematic narrative review of recent meta-analyses Use of virtual reality in children in a broad range of medical settings: a systematic narrative review of recent meta-analyses Procedural auditory category learning is selectively disrupted in developmental language disorder New horizons for the study of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its active ingredients in the management of neurological and psychiatric disorders: A systematic review of clinical evidence and mechanisms Nonpharmacological Interventions to Reduce Sedation and General Anesthesia in Pediatric MRI: A Meta-analysis Effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Management of anxiety using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy in children undergoing extraction: a randomized controlled pilot study