Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2024 Sep 14;16(3):e70006. doi: 10.1002/dad2.70006. eCollection 2024 Jul-Sep.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, has emerged as a significant health concern. Recently it has been revealed that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in AD pathogenesis and progression. Their stability and presence in various biofluids, such as blood, offer a minimally invasive window for monitoring AD-related changes.

METHODS: We analyzed plasma EV-derived messenger RNA (mRNA) from 82 human subjects, including individuals with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy controls. With next-generation sequencing, we profiled differentially expressed genes (DEGs), identifying those associated with AD.

RESULTS: Based on DEGs identified in both the MCI and AD groups, a diagnostic model was established based on machine learning, demonstrating an average diagnostic accuracy of over 98% and showed a strong correlation with different AD stages.

DISCUSSION: mRNA derived from plasma EVs shows significant promise as a non-invasive biomarker for the early detection and continuous monitoring of AD.

HIGHLIGHTS: The study conducted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of mRNA derived from human plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) to assess Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Profiling of plasma EV-derived mRNA shows a significantly enriched AD pathway, indicating its potential for AD-related studies.The AD-prediction model achieved a receiver-operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) of more than 0.98, with strong correlation to the established Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR).

PMID:39279994 | PMC:PMC11399882 | DOI:10.1002/dad2.70006