Measurement innovation for sensitive behaviours: applying direct and social network-based estimation approaches to intimate partner violence in Burkina Faso and the Democratic Republic of the Congo using cross-sectional data
AI Summary
Confidante methodology produced comparable past-year IPV prevalence to direct respondent reports across Burkina Faso and DRC sites.
No clear advantage over standard direct assessment; population surveys with recommended ethical procedures provide reliable estimates despite potential underreporting.
Subtype differences observed: physical IPV lower in respondents, sexual IPV lower among confidantes in some sites, generally not statistically significant.
BMJ Open. 2026 May 26;16(5):e114411. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-114411.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To explore the feasibility of the confidante methodology to measure past-year intimate partner violence (IPV) experiences in Burkina Faso and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) through (1) comparison of direct assessment with indirect estimation via the confidante method and (2) assessment of the performance of each confidante method assumption.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with nationally and subnationally representative data collected from December 2020 to March 2021 in Burkina Faso (national) and from December 2021 to April 2022 in Kinshasa and Kongo Central, DRC (subnational).
SETTING: Burkina Faso; Kinshasa, DRC; Kongo Central, DRC.
PARTICIPANTS: Partnered women (married or cohabiting) aged 15-49 in Burkina Faso (N=3047), Kinshasa, DRC (N=702) and Kongo Central, DRC (N=688) and their partnered confidantes aged 15-49 (N=2064 in Burkina Faso, N=304 in Kinshasa, DRC, N=393 women in Kongo Central, DRC).
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Past-year IPV (emotional, physical, sexual, any) comparing differences in prevalence between the direct respondent sample and the indirect confidante sample, adjusting for confidante method assumptions.
RESULTS: The confidante method produced comparable IPV estimates to respondents’ direct reports across sites (35.3% respondent vs 36.1% confidante in Kinshasa, DRC; 29.7% respondent vs 39.0% confidante in Kongo Central, DRC; 25.7% respondent vs 26.0% confidante in Burkina Faso, differences not statistically significant). Of note, there were differences in IPV estimates between respondents and confidantes by IPV subtype, with physical IPV consistently lower among respondents across sites and sexual IPV lower among confidantes in Kinshasa, DRC and Burkina Faso, though generally not statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: The confidante methodology did not afford advantages over standard, direct assessment for IPV. Overall, findings indicate the reliability of population-based surveys with direct IPV questions when implemented under recommended ethical guidelines, though direct reports are likely undercounts.
Omega (Westport). 2026 May 27:302228261455640. doi: 10.1177/00302228261455640. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDeath obsession is a common phenomenon in many societies. Adults may be more susceptible to...
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2026 May 27:1-44. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2026.2651738. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: To prepare evidence-based guidelines on psychosis prevention.METHODS: We reviewed evidence on risk...
JAMA Netw Open. 2026 May 1;9(5):e2615005. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.15005.ABSTRACTIMPORTANCE: Intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) include cognitive and adaptive deficits beginning before ages 18 to 22 years....
JAMA Psychiatry. 2026 May 27. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1064. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIMPORTANCE: Although both recurrent copy number variants (rCNVs) and polygenic scores (PGSs) impart risk for...
