Restoring cerebellar-dependent learning

16 July 2024

Evidence

Elife. 2024 Jul 16;13:e100251. doi: 10.7554/eLife.100251.

ABSTRACT

Behavioral and pharmaceutical interventions reverse defects associated with increased cerebellar long-term depression in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome.

PMID:39012692 | DOI:10.7554/eLife.100251

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Rakgadi G. Malapela
Cannabis use among hospitalised adolescents before and after decriminalisation in South Africa 26 July 2024
Background: Cannabis is the most widely used substance worldwide, and its use is much higher among adolescents. However, adolescents are at higher risk of negative sequelae secondary to this use, including the possible development of mental disorders. On 31 March 2017, the South African High Court ruled that cannabis use by an adult in a private […]
Michelle C. Swartz
The prevalence of anxiety in pregnant women at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital 23 July 2024
Background: Non-psychotic mental disorders are common during the perinatal period. In South Africa, there are few studies on antenatal anxiety and these results vary. Antenatal anxiety does not only add to the burden of perinatal co-morbidity but has subsequent immediate and long-term effects on the mother, birth outcomes and her offspring.Aim: The aim of this study was […]
Lisha Narayan

Longitudinal characterization of impulsivity phenotypes boosts signal for genomic correlates and heritability 24 August 2024
Molecular Psychiatry, Published online: 24 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41380-024-02704-4Longitudinal characterization of impulsivity phenotypes boosts signal for genomic correlates and heritability
Wei Q. Deng
Tau PET positivity predicts clinically relevant cognitive decline driven by Alzheimer’s disease compared to comorbid cases; proof of concept in the ADNI study 23 August 2024
Molecular Psychiatry, Published online: 23 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41380-024-02672-9Tau PET positivity predicts clinically relevant cognitive decline driven by Alzheimer’s disease compared to comorbid cases; proof of concept in the ADNI study
Konstantinos Ioannou
Dynamics of human serotonin synthesis differentially link to reward anticipation and feedback 23 August 2024
Molecular Psychiatry, Published online: 23 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41380-024-02696-1Dynamics of human serotonin synthesis differentially link to reward anticipation and feedback
Andreas Hahn

Microglia’s heroic battle against neurodegeneration
In this issue of , Chadarevian et al. and Munro et al. demonstrate how the absence of homeostatic microglia leads to severe neuropathologies, including axonal spheroids, calcifications, myelination abnormalities, and gliosis, associated with leukoencephalopathy and age-related neurodegeneration. Transplantation of healthy microglia can reverse these conditions, opening new avenues for therapeutic research.In this issue of , Chadarevian et al. […]
Keeping track of time: An interaction of mossy fibers and climbing fibers
Precisely tracking time over second-long timescales is important for accurate anticipation and consequential actions, yet the neurobiological underpinnings remain unknown. In this issue of , Garcia-Garcia and colleagues show that computations in the cerebellum resulting from interactions between the mossy fiber and climbing fiber pathways contribute to long-interval learning during operant conditioning.Precisely tracking time over […]
The lateral septum returns to the center stage of brain reward
In this issue of , Chen et al. found that lateral septum Esr1-expressing cells respond to both non-drug and drug rewards. Mice will lever press for optogenetic stimulation of these neurons, which are also critical to methamphetamine locomotor sensitization, conditioned place preference, self-administration, and reinstatement.In this issue of , Chen et al. found that lateral septum Esr1-expressing […]

Hypocretin receptor antagonists prevent opioid addiction 23 August 2024
Nature Mental Health, Published online: 23 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s44220-024-00300-7The opioid abuse epidemic is a major health concern that requires new pain management strategies. Findings now show that suvorexant, a dual hypocretin receptor antagonist, reverses the anatomical and circuit alterations induced by opioids and decreases addictive behavior while maintaining the analgesic properties of the drugs.
Jimmy J. Fraigne
Mapping cerebellar anatomical heterogeneity in mental and neurological illnesses 22 August 2024
Nature Mental Health, Published online: 22 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s44220-024-00297-zThis study maps cerebellar anatomy across the lifespan using over 54,000 brain scans from 132 scanning sites and identifies that patients with autism spectrum disorder, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer disease, and schizophrenia are likely to have deviations in cerebellar anatomy.
Milin Kim
Exploration of first onsets of mania, schizophrenia spectrum disorders and major depressive disorder in perimenopause 15 August 2024
Nature Mental Health, Published online: 15 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s44220-024-00292-4The authors investigate first onsets of psychiatric disorders during perimenopause, finding higher incidence rates of major depressive disorder and mania.
Lisa M. Shitomi-Jones

Switch to phagocytic microglia by CSFR1 inhibition drives amyloid-beta clearance from glutamatergic terminals rescuing LTP in acute hippocampal slices 23 August 2024
Translational Psychiatry, Published online: 23 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41398-024-03019-2Switch to phagocytic microglia by CSFR1 inhibition drives amyloid-beta clearance from glutamatergic terminals rescuing LTP in acute hippocampal slices
Gaia Piccioni
Childhood maltreatment is linked to larger preferred interpersonal distances towards friends and strangers across the globe 23 August 2024
Translational Psychiatry, Published online: 23 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41398-024-02980-2Childhood maltreatment is linked to larger preferred interpersonal distances towards friends and strangers across the globe
Shilat Haim-Nachum
Neural correlates of proactive avoidance deficits and alcohol use motives in problem drinking 21 August 2024
Translational Psychiatry, Published online: 21 August 2024; doi:10.1038/s41398-024-03039-yNeural correlates of proactive avoidance deficits and alcohol use motives in problem drinking
Thang M. Le

The Clinical Meaning of Withdrawal with Antidepressant Drugs 18 July 2024
Antidepressant drugsWithdrawal syndromesOppositional toleranceDepressionBehavioral toxicity
The Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Compared to Schema Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial 10 July 2024
AbstractIntroduction: In the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD), there is empirical support for both dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and schema therapy (ST); these treatments have never been compared directly. This study examines whether either of them is more effective than the other in treating patients with BPD. Methods: In this randomized, parallel-group, rater-blind clinical […]
Emotional Changes during Imagery Rescripting of Aversive Social Memories in Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial 26 June 2024
AbstractIntroduction: Imagery rescripting (ImRs) is a psychotherapeutic intervention targeting aversive memories. During the three-phase intervention, patients reexperience their aversive memory (phase 1), observe the scene from their adult perspective, and intervene to help their former selves (phase 2), and reexperience it again with the positive changes (phase 3). Previous studies have rarely investigated emotional and […]

Randomised controlled trial of intermittent calorie restriction in people with multiple sclerosis 20 August 2024
BackgroundCalorie restriction (CR) ameliorates preclinical models of multiple sclerosis (MS) via multiple mechanisms. These include decreased leptin, a proinflammatory adipokine, but mechanistic studies in humans are lacking. Tests of daily and intermittent CR (iCR) in people with MS (pwMS) showed improvements in fatigue and well-being measures. This trial studied the effects of 12-week iCR on […]
Ghezzi, L., Tosti, V., Shi, L., Cantoni, C., Mikesell, R., Lancia, S., Zhou, Y., Obert, K., Dula, C., Sen, M. K., Ge, A., Tolentino, M., Bollman, B., Don, A. S., Matarese, G., Colamatteo, A., La Rocca, C., Lepore, M. T., Raji, C. A., Rahmani, F., Wu, G. F., Naismith, R. T., Fontana, L., Cross, A. H., Salter, A., Piccio, L.
One side effect: two networks? Lateral and posteromedial stimulation spreads induce dysarthria in subthalamic deep brain stimulation for Parkinsons disease 15 August 2024
BackgroundStimulation-induced dysarthria (SID) is a troublesome and potentially therapy-limiting side effect of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). To date, the origin of SID, and especially whether there is an involvement of cerebellar pathways as well as the pyramidal tract, remains a matter of debate. Therefore, this […]
Jergas, H., Petry-Schmelzer, J. N., Hannemann, J. H., Thies, T., Strelow, J. N., Rubi-Fessen, I., Quinting, J., Baldermann, J. C., Mücke, D., Fink, G. R., Visser-Vandewalle, V., Dembek, T. A., Barbe, M. T.
Psychological well-being trajectories preceding incident mild cognitive impairment and dementia 13 August 2024
BackgroundPoorer psychological well-being has been related to an increased dementia risk, but changes in psychological well-being along the dementia course are unclear. We explored psychological well-being trajectories before and after the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.MethodsWithin the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 910 cognitively intact older adults were followed annually for up […]
Guo, J., Wang, J., Dove, A., Bennett, D. A., Xu, W.

Mendelian randomization: causal inference leveraging genetic data 19 April 2024
Mendelian randomization (MR) leverages genetic information to examine the causal relationship between phenotypes allowing for the presence of unmeasured confounders. MR has been widely applied to unresolved questions in epidemiology, making use of summary statistics from genome-wide association studies on an increasing number of human traits. However, an understanding of essential concepts is necessary for […]
Chen, Lane G.
Interventions targeting social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews 25 March 2024
Globally, mental disorders account for almost 20% of disease burden and there is growing evidence that mental disorders are socially determined. Tackling the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), which address social determinants of mental disorders, may be an effective way to reduce the global burden of mental disorders. We conducted a systematic review […]
Oswald, Tassia Kate
Do metacognitive therapies for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders work? A meta-analytic investigation 21 March 2024
Recent reviews and meta-analyses of metacognitive therapy for schizophrenia-spectrum disorder (SSD) have included uncontrolled studies, single-session interventions, and/or analyses limited to a single form of metacognitive therapy. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of metacognitive therapies more broadly based on controlled trials (CT) of sustained treatments. We conducted a pre-registered meta-analysis of controlled trials that […]
Melville, Grace

Age‐stratified risk of suicide in patients with schizophrenia 15 August 2024
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, EarlyView.
Yueh‐Pin Lin, Wen‐Yin Chen, Chun‐Hung Pan, Sheng‐Shiang Su, Shang‐Ying Tsai, Chiao‐Chicy Chen, Chian‐Jue Kuo
Progress in perinatal mental health research 14 August 2024
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, EarlyView.
Kristina M. Deligiannidis, Jennifer L. Payne
Diagnostic value of structural, functional and effective connectivity in bipolar disorder 14 August 2024
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, EarlyView.
Teodora M. Gencheva, Bozhidar V. Valkov, Sevdalina S. Kandilarova, Michael H. J. Maes, Drozdstoy S. Stoyanov

Oscillatory and nonoscillatory sleep electroencephalographic biomarkers of the epileptic network 24 August 2024
Epilepsia, EarlyView.
Véronique Latreille, Justin Corbin‐Lapointe, Laure Peter‐Derex, John Thomas, Jean‐Marc Lina, Birgit Frauscher
Advancing effective street outreach to people experiencing unsheltered homelessness: Concepts for public health nursing 24 August 2024
Public Health Nursing, EarlyView.
Megan Doede
Interictal stereo‐electroencephalography features below 45 Hz are sufficient for correct localization of the epileptogenic zone and postsurgical outcome prediction 24 August 2024
Epilepsia, EarlyView.
Petr Klimes, Petr Nejedly, Valentina Hrtonova, Jan Cimbalnik, Vojtech Travnicek, Martin Pail, Laure Peter‐Derex, Jeffery Hall, Raluca Pana, Josef Halamek, Pavel Jurak, Milan Brazdil, Birgit Frauscher

A role for Shugoshin in human cilia?
We have recently described a novel role for the conserved centromeric/kinetochore protein and cohesin protector, Shugoshin, in cilia of C. elegans. Worms are unusual in that the sole Shugoshin protein ( SGO-1 ) is dispensable for chromosome segregation but required for cilia function in fully differentiated sensory neurons. Depletion of sgo-1 leads to an array […]
sut-2 loss of function mutants protect against tau-driven shortened lifespan and hyperactive pharyngeal pumping in a C. elegans model of tau toxicity.
Expression of human tau in C. elegans neurons causes progressive, age-associated loss of motor coordination, selective neurodegeneration, and shortened lifespan. Loss of function (LOF) mutations in the conserved gene sut-2 protects against progressive motor uncoordination and neurodegeneration in models of tauopathy. To determine whether sut-2 LOF also protects against shortened lifespan of tau transgenic C. […]
Evidence Based Clinical Analytics Supporting the Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (GARS) Assessment to Early Identify Probands in Preaddiction.
No abstract supplied.

Evolving Perspectives on Wellness and Stress
Renewing the Teaching of Clinical Reasoning in Psychiatry: An Opportunity for Advancing Mental Health Training and Care
Assaults and Microaggressions Against Psychiatric Residents: Findings from a US Survey
Psychiatric physicians may experience higher rates of assault than those in other fields. For many reasons, residents may be especially vulnerable. This study updates rates of assaults among US psychiatry residents as well as the reporting rates and emotional effects of these incidents. Little data exists to examine rates of microaggressions against psychiatry residents.A cross-sectional […]

Enhancing Brain Health and Well-Being in Older Adults: Innovations in Lifestyle Interventions
This article will provide clinicians with guidance on helping older adult patients make lifestyle changes to enhance brain health and well-being.Evidence suggests that physical activity might be helpful in improving cognitive functioning. The data on the benefits of cognitive activity is inconsistent and not as robust. The MediDiet, DASH, and MIND diets have been associated […]
Management of MCI in the Outpatient Setting
We review current literature related to the clinical assessment of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). We compile recommendations related to the evaluation of MCI and examine literature regarding the use of clinical biomarkers in this assessment, the role of non-pharmacologic therapy in the prevention of cognitive decline, and recent approval of anti-amyloid therapy in the treatment […]
Cross-Cultural Patient Counseling and Communication in the Integrative Medicine Setting: Respecting the Patient's Health Belief Model of Care
Communicating effectively with patients having a traditional, alternative or complementary medicine-related health-belief model is challenging in today’s cross-cultural society. This narrative review explores the integrative medicine setting of care, focusing on insights from the integrative oncology daily practice, while addressing the relevance to the mental health setting. The way in which healthcare providers can enhance […]

Editorial introductions
No abstract available
journals.lww.com
Sex and gender differences in cancer in individuals with severe mental disorders
Purpose of review Although cancer incidence is similar between individuals with severe mental disorders (SMD) and the general population (GP), survival rates are lower, particularly in those with schizophrenia. While the scientific and medical communities acknowledge sex differences in cancer mechanisms, including risk factors and cancer types, less is known about sex and gender disparities […]
Bajić, Žarko; Vuk-Pisk, Sandra; Filipčić, Igor; Šimunović Filipčić, Ivona
The role of human involvement and support in digital mental health interventions for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a critical review
Purpose of review Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SDD) are characterized by a complex array of psychosis symptoms, and typically require ongoing and long-term support, including pharmacological and nonpharmacological management. Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) have been suggested as a novel therapeutic approach to enable low-cost, scalable improvements in quality of care for adults living with SSD. […]
Arnautovska, Urska; Milton, Alyssa; Trott, Mike; Soole, Rebecca; Siskind, Dan

Anhedonia is associated with overgeneralization of conditioned fear during late adolescence and early adulthood
Pavlovian fear paradigms involve learning to associate cues with threat or safety. Aberrances in Pavlovian fear learning correlate with psychopathology, especially anxiety disorders. This study evaluated symptom dimensions of anxiety and depression in relation to Pavlovian fear acquisition and generalization.256 participants (70.31 % female) completed a Pavlovian fear acquisition and generalization paradigm at ages 18–19 and […]
Interventions to reduce adult state anxiety, dental trait anxiety, and dental phobia: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
This review evaluates randomized controlled trials (RCTs) intervening on adult state anxiety (fear and emotional distress during dental treatment), chronic dental (trait) anxiety or dental phobia (disproportionately high trait anxiety; meeting diagnostic criteria for specific phobia). Seven online databases were systematically searched. 173 RCTs met inclusion criteria, of which 67 qualified for 14 pooled analyses. […]
Testing predictions from the memory and identity theory of ICD-11 complex posttraumatic stress disorder: Measurement development and initial findings
This is the first empirical assessment of predictions for the M&I theory of ICD-11 Complex PTSD.The Experiences of Traumatic Memories and Traumatic Identity Questionnaire have excellent psychometric properties.8 of 9 model-implied relations were supported.Trauma memories were strongly associated with all CPTSD symptom clusters.Identities related to feeling vulnerable, worthless, and disconnected from others were related to […]

Issue Information 19 August 2024
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Volume 65, Issue 9, Page i-iv, September 2024.
Commentary: Taking stock and moving forward – the need to consider the influence of loss to follow‐up in autism screening research 19 August 2024
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Volume 65, Issue 9, Page 1243-1244, September 2024.
Ramkumar Aishworiya, Van Kim Ma, Heidi M. Feldman
Editorial: Reciprocity between sleep and mood in early childhood – an under‐explored neural marker of depression risk 19 August 2024
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Volume 65, Issue 9, Page 1133-1134, September 2024.
Caroline Hoyniak, Joan Luby

Evaluation of postoperative delirium in geriatric patients given acetaminophen with and without melatonin: A retrospective cohort study 20 August 2024
The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, Ahead of Print. ObjectivePostoperative delirium has many consequences and should be prevented when possible. Non-opioid pain treatments have known delirium prevention benefits, while melatonin has promising prevention data in non-surgical populations. The incidence of postoperative delirium was retrospectively compared in patients prescribed acetaminophen with and without melatonin following […]
Maria N. Muehrcke
Evaluation of the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy on tinnitus 17 August 2024
The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, Ahead of Print. ObjectiveThis research aims to examine the effects of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on tinnitus in individuals aged 18-60 years.MethodsThirty participants with subjective tinnitus for at least six months were included a randomized controlled trial was conducted with 15 participants in the experimental group and 15 […]
Fatih Bal
Neglect of older adults living with dementia in family caregiving: A dimensional concept analysis 12 August 2024
The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, Ahead of Print. ObjectiveTo present a concept analysis of neglect, specifically examining its occurrence and implications in the context of family caregiving for older adults living with dementia.MethodsA literature search was conducted in Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, and Embase databases in February 2023. Inclusion criteria targeted articles focusing on […]
Jessica A Hernandez Chilatra

Maternal depression and early childhood development among children aged 24–59 months: the mediating effect of responsive caregiving 20 August 2024
This study examined whether maternal depression is related to Early Childhood Developmental (ECD) delay among children by quantifying the mediating contribution of responsive caregiving. We used data from 1235...
Siyu Zou, Xinye Zou, Ruolin Zhang, Kefan Xue, Angela Y. Xiao, Mo Zhou, Ziyuan Fu and Hong Zhou
Global, regional, and national time trends in incidence for depressive disorders, from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for the GBD 2019 2 August 2024
Even with advances in primary health care, depressive disorders remain a major global public health problem. We conducted an in-depth analysis of global, regional and national trends in depressive disorders in...
Yuhang Wu, Luying Fan, Fan Xia, Yunzhe Zhou, Haiyan Wang, Lijuan Feng, Shudong Xie, Wendi Xu, Zhiqin Xie, Jing He, Dan Liu, Sui He, Yuting Xu, Jing Deng, Tingting Wang and Lizhang Chen
Predictors of continuation for asenapine from real-world data in patients with schizophrenia 2 August 2024
The continuation rates of pharmacotherapy in schizophrenia exhibit variability, a phenomenon influenced by the specific antipsychotic agent prescribed and patient-related factors such as age and duration of il...
Yoshiteru Takekita, Shuichi Hiraoka, Yasuhiro Iwama, Daisuke Matsui, Nobuatsu Aoki, Haruhiko Ogata, Toshiya Funatsuki, Toshiyuki Shimizu, Yuji Murase, Yutaro Shimamoto, Yosuke Koshikawa and Masaki Kato

Sexual Orientation Microaggression Rating Scale (SOMRS): Development and association with alliance ruptures. 8 August 2024
Sexual minority clients report experiencing frequent microaggressions during therapy, however, therapists may not recognize those microaggressions or may be reluctant to self-report them. The main aim of the present study was thus to develop an observational measure of in-session therapist-committed microaggressions related to the sexual orientation of sexual minority individuals (e.g., those who identify as […]
Should we feel the same? Mutual recognition and congruence between therapist and client regarding ruptures and repairs. 8 July 2024
The pattern of rupture and repair within therapeutic alliances has been associated with improved outcome. The present study adds to this body of research by examining rupture and repair from a dyadic perspective. First, we examined the relationship between mutual recognition of ruptures, rupture intensity, and client ratings of session helpfulness. We then examined client–therapist […]
Preventing dropout in spiritually integrated psychotherapies: What are the effective methods of attending to clients’ spirituality? 30 May 2024
The purpose of this study was to examine associations between clinicians’ use of varying types of spiritual interventions in the first session of spiritually integrated psychotherapies (SIPs) and clients’ likelihood of returning for a second session. In total, 154 practitioners of SIPs from 33 settings in a practice-research network reported on their implementation of different […]

A Family-Based Intervention for Early Elementary Students With Reading and Behavioral Difficulties: A Pilot Study 2 August 2024
Journal of Learning Disabilities, Ahead of Print. We created and tested a family-based intervention with families of children in Grades 1 and 2 with reading and behavioral difficulties to investigate its impact on text comprehension. Developed with input from parents, reading experts, and behavior specialists, Family-RISE (Reading Intervention with Supports for Engagement) integrates evidence-based practices […]
Garrett J. Roberts
Assessing Beliefs About Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants of SLD: Evaluating the Factor Structure of a Novel Instrument 26 July 2024
Journal of Learning Disabilities, Ahead of Print. Schools conduct comprehensive psychoeducational evaluations to identify students with specific learning disabilities (SLDs) and determine whether they qualify for special education services. This decision-making process is complex and research has documented many factors influencing SLD identification decisions. One such factor may be decision-makers’ beliefs about the underlying causes […]
Courtenay A. Barrett
Do Mathematics and Reading Skills Impact Student Science Outcomes? 26 July 2024
Journal of Learning Disabilities, Ahead of Print. Establishing validated science programs for students with or at risk for learning disabilities requires testing treatment effects and exploring differential response patterns. This study explored whether students’ initial mathematics and reading skills influenced their treatment response to a whole-class, second-grade science program called Scientific Explorers (Sci2). The original […]
Christian T. Doabler

Item reduction of the “Support Intensity Scale” for people with intellectual disabilities, using machine learning 19 August 2024
British Journal of Learning Disabilities, EarlyView.
Félix González‐Carrasco, Felipe Espinosa Parra, Izaskun Álvarez‐Aguado, Sebastián Ponce Olguín, Vanessa Vega Córdova, Miguel Roselló‐Peñaloza
Culturally adaptive healthcare for people with a learning disability from an ethnic minority background: A qualitative synthesis 12 August 2024
British Journal of Learning Disabilities, EarlyView.
Christina Roberts, Nicola Ditzel, Nicola Cooper‐Moss, Katie Umbleby, Umesh Chauhan
In search of education, participation and inclusion: Embrace the uncertain By Jonathan Rix, Abingdon: Routledge. 2024. pp. 204. £28.79 8 August 2024
British Journal of Learning Disabilities, EarlyView.
Melanie Nind

Therapeutic and non-therapeutic practices in the child justice system in Kenya: A therapeutic jurisprudence perspective
Child justice systems are specialized jurisdictions set up for the purpose of providing justice related services to children. In an effort to resolve many of the systemic injustices expereinced by justice involved children, Kenya recently legislated the Children Act 2022. This new law is viewed as a paradigm shift from previous children acts as it […]
Forensic criteria, clinical and theoretical issues of the indication of court-ordered treatment: A comparative survey among experts in forensic psychiatry and sentencing judges in France
Following the French law n° 98–468 of 17 June 1998 relative to the prevention of sexual offenses and the protection of minors, social and judicial follow-up and court-ordered treatment were introduced with the aim of reinforcing the prevention of recidivism. Court-ordered treatment is one of the possible obligatory measures provided for by social and judicial […]
Editorial Board

Changing environments to promote safety in libraries
The purpose of this article is to investigate how changes in the environment of a library affect the safety conditions of both visitors and staff. Using principles of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, crime and incidents of public disturbance from 2017 to 2020 from libraries in Stockholm, Sweden, are analyzed and later mapped using 3D […]
Revisiting the tautology problem in rational choice theory: What it is and how to move forward theoretically and empirically
Criminological rational choice theory is blighted by tautology—that if a crime occurs, then by definition the benefits must exceed the costs. The current analysis details the nature of this tautology as well as its theoretical and philosophical implications concerning the circumstances under which offenders make rational (thoughtful and reflective) or irrational (habitual, intuitive, or instinctual) […]
Experiences of fatherhood in prison: A thematic analysis of differences between fathers in a family approach programme and a comparison group
Various programmes have been implemented in prisons to strengthen parental involvement and parent–child relationships during imprisonment. In-depth insights into such programmes are limited. This qualitative study compared the experiences of two groups of imprisoned fathers in the Netherlands: fathers who participated in a family approach programme ( = 10) and fathers in a comparison group ( = 29). Based […]

“I just thought maybe this is [the] way of doing things”: Exploring lesbian-, gay-, and bisexual-specific intimate partner violence in Norway. 23 May 2024
Objective: Intimate partner violence (IPV) in lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) relationships seems to be at least as high as in heterosexual relationships. However, there are uncertainties regarding how IPV is more specifically experienced in LGB relationships. We explore how LGB individuals exposed to IPV make sense of the potentially more specific ways in which […]
When childhood states become adult traits: Trait anxiety and anger as mediators linking childhood maltreatment to marital outcomes in midlife adults. 23 May 2024
Objective: Childhood maltreatment has been consistently linked to problematic marriages. The pathways, however, linking childhood maltreatment to marital problems over time remain understudied. The present study examined trait anger and trait anxiety as possible mediators linking childhood maltreatment to marital quality, support, and strain over a 9 year period. It was expected that both trait […]
Profiles of service-engaged intimate partner violence survivors: Considerations for service delivery and continuation. 16 May 2024
Objective: This study examined factors considered to influence service engagement among intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. Specifically, it (a) investigated patterns of cultural beliefs, stigma related to attitudes about seeking formal help, and IPV experiences among service-engaged survivors and (b) explored their association with sociodemographic characteristics. Method: Mixture modeling was conducted using the Testing and […]

Tobacco dependence and motivation to quit among patients with schizophrenia in Morocco 26 August 2024
This study aims to describe and analyze the factors associated with dependence and motivation to stop smoking in patients with schizophrenia. This descriptive, analytical study was conducted between October 2021 and April 2023 at two psychiatric centers in Morocco. The study population consisted of 274 smokers diagnosed with schizophrenia, who were examined just before their […]
Achbani Ahmed
Mental health literacy of schizophrenia: a community sample representative 22 August 2024
The purpose of this paper is to explore the mental health literacy of schizophrenia in a South African community sample. This study is part of the growing interest in community mental health literacy. A sample of 192 Black African participants from municipalities (Ditsobotla and Mahikeng) between 18 and 65 years participated in this study. Participants […]
Lebogang Digwamaje
Assessment of academic burnout among undergraduate medical and health sciences students: a survey study from the United Arab Emirates 20 August 2024
This study aims to assess the prevalence of burnout among undergraduate medical and health science students and to identify the factors associated with its development. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving students from Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Science University. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey was used to evaluate three subscales of burnout. Ethical […]
Rasha Aziz Attia Salama

Mortality in the Victorian asylum: was it so high? Standardised Mortality Rate compared with historical methods 9 August 2024
History of Psychiatry, Ahead of Print. Mortality is closely linked to age, sex, and social and historical context. Standardised Mortality Rates (SMR) address these contextual factors by comparing mortality in a population under study with that in people of the same age and sex, the same period in history and from a similar cultural context. […]
Charlotte Richardson
The notion of excessive childhood restlessness in Spain at the beginning of the twentieth century 27 July 2024
History of Psychiatry, Ahead of Print. This study delves into the historical documentation from 1900 to 1936 by Spanish doctors and educators concerning children’s hyperactivity. By focusing on medical perspectives of the time, we aim to explore the conceptualisation of childhood phenomenology within the context of significant international literature of that era. The publications of […]
Joana Escamilla Lerner
Empathy or sympathy: a necessary distinction? 23 July 2024
History of Psychiatry, Ahead of Print. As a deeply hybrid discipline, psychiatry demands research that tackles the concepts constituting it and its objects. This is an essential prerequisite to empirical studies, the validity of which are directly dependent on a clear understanding of the underlying concepts. Empathy and sympathy are concepts used variably and inconsistently […]
Ivana S Marková

The association between cultural and linguistic maintenance and mental health in migrant adolescents: A scoping review 23 August 2024
International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Ahead of Print. Background:Although previous reviews have examined the relationship between heritage cultural maintenance and mental health outcomes among migrants, none have focussed specifically on migrant adolescents (i.e. those aged 10–24 years).Aims:To examine (1) the focus, scope and nature of quantitative empirical research investigating heritage cultural maintenance – including linguistic maintenance […]
Anila Hasnain
Exploring perspectives on how to improve psychological treatment for women from minoritised ethnic communities: A qualitative study with service users 23 August 2024
International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Ahead of Print. Background:Women are disproportionately impacted by depression and anxiety disorders and in particular, women from minoritised ethnic communities experience inequalities in access to outcomes of psychological treatment for these disorders. Better understanding from the views of service users about the factors that impact their access to, and experiences […]
Laura-Louise Arundell
Risk and protective factors for revictimization from intimate partner violence: A systematic review 21 August 2024
International Journal of Social Psychiatry, Ahead of Print. Purpose:Intimate partner violence is a global public health problem that mainly affects women rather than men. It has been associated with negative physical and mental health outcomes, including experiences of revictimization. This systematic review describes the risk and protective factors associated with revictimization in female victims of […]
Yesid José Ortega Pacheco

COVID-19 Vaccine: Predicting Vaccine Types and Assessing Mortality Risk Through Ensemble Learning Algorithms [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] 23 August 2024
Background There is no doubt that vaccination is crucial for preventing the spread of diseases; however, not every vaccine is perfect or will work for everyone. The main objective of this work is to predict which vaccine will be most effective for a candidate without causing severe adverse reactions and to categorize a patient as […]
Hind Monadhel
Assessing the severity of thermal discomfort in a building in the course of hot and humid climate [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review] 23 August 2024
This work is an application of experimental temperature data previously collected in a residential building in Douala, Cameroon, in order to analyze thermal discomfort. The data was collected according to three occupancy scenarios over 12 month period using thermohygrometer sensors. The temperature data are analysed in comparison with the comfortable temperature range from 24°C to […]
Thomas Janvier Matongo
Hybrid Quantum or Purely Classical? Assessing the Utility of Quantum Feature Embeddings [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review] 23 August 2024
Background As graph datasets—including social networks, supply chains, and bioinformatics data—grow in size and complexity, researchers are driven to search for solutions enhancing model efficiency and speed. One avenue that may provide a solution is Quantum Graph Learning (QGL), a subfield of Quantum Machine Learning (QML) that applies machine learning inspired or powered by quantum […]
J. Simon Richard

Amino Acids May Protect Kidneys During Surgery; EDTA for Chelation Therapy 24 August 2024
(MedPage Today) -- TTHealthWatch is a weekly podcast from Texas Tech. In it, Elizabeth Tracey, director of electronic media for Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore, and Rick Lange, MD, president of the Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center...
Doc Never Heard Patient's Screams; How Richard Simmons Died; Suicides in Physicians 22 August 2024
(MedPage Today) -- Note that some links may require registration or subscription. A Florida doctor who wasn't wearing his hearing aids when he began performing a colonoscopy on a patient who wasn't fully sedated didn't hear the patient screaming...
Severe COVID Linked to Mental Illness in Weeks, Months After Infection 21 August 2024
(MedPage Today) -- Severe COVID-19 was associated with elevated risks for depression and serious mental illness months after infection, especially among unvaccinated people, a cohort study involving more than 18 million individuals in the U.K...

Microbes and Mental Illness - Mad In America 24 August 2024
She references a pubmed article on this topic, which details the extensive links between microbial-borne illnesses and psychiatric diagnoses. Previous ...
The Unexpected Depression Sign In People Over 50, According to Geriatricians - Parade 24 August 2024
Susan Maixner, MD, professor of geriatric psychiatry at the University of Michigan, the Director of the Geriatric Psychiatry Program and ...
Mind Springs' acquisition potentially on the horizon | Health and Wellness | gjsentinel.com 24 August 2024
Mind Springs Health and its financially strapped psychiatric hospital could be for sale, though officials at the mental health provider dispute ...

From Baghdad to Boston: Making of a Blood Cancer Specialist 23 August 2024
How a college friend's grim final days changed El-Jawahri's life and career path. Medscape Medical News
The New Formula for Stronger, Longer-Lasting Vaccines 23 August 2024
An experimental vaccine additive triggered a more potent immune response, demonstrating the power of combining adjuvants. Medscape Medical News
UK Restrictions on Valproate: Should the US Follow Suit? 23 August 2024
New UK guidelines restricting valproate for people under 55 owing to safety risks. The question arises: Should the US follow suit? Medscape Medical News

WHO seeks $135 million to defeat mpox 23 August 2024
The current mpox outbreak “can be controlled and can be stopped”, the head of the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasized on Friday, announcing an action plan that calls for $135 million over the next six months.
UN migration agency issues $18.5 million appeal to prepare for mpox ‘surge’ 21 August 2024
The spread of mpox across the Horn, eastern and southern Africa has increased the risk of infection for migrants who need “crucial” healthcare and other support ahead of an “anticipated surge” in cases, the UN migration agency (IOM) said on Wednesday, in an appeal for $18.5 million to fund the response.
Mpox: What you need to know about the latest public health emergency 20 August 2024
The swift spread of a new virulent strain of the mpox virus across Africa triggered the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare it once again a public health emergency of international concern last week.

WHO Meeting on the Update of the Public Health Research Agenda for Influenza 27 August 2024
Background The 2009 influenza pandemic identified some crucial limitations in addressing the public health impact of influenza disease due to gaps of understanding of the virus and its effect on individuals and populations. To bridge these gaps, WHO convened a global consultation and published the Public Health Research Agenda for Influenza 2009. In 2017, an update […]
who.int
Strengthening Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS): Workshop for New Directors of National Influenza Centres 27 August 2024
BackgroundFor over 70 years, National Influenza Centres (NICs) recognized by the World Health Organization have been the cornerstone of the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). These institutions serve as key points of contact between WHO and its Member States for sustaining the global virological and epidemiological surveillance required to prepare for and respond […]
who.int
Donors making a difference: protecting health on the frontlines of humanitarian crises 19 August 2024
On the World Humanitarian Day 2024, we reflect on WHO’s lives-saving work in response to humanitarian crises around the globe, made possible with the support of its partners and donors. We honour the aid workers who, in the midst of conflicts and natural disasters, risk their lives daily on the frontlines to protect and serve […]
who.int

The Supreme Court Decision on Firearm Ownership for People Subject to Restraining Orders 20 August 2024
This Viewpoint explicates the complex reasoning the US Supreme Court has used in rulings on gun control and raises concerns that the recent Rahimi decision poses more questions than it settled on the future of the Second Amendment.
Reporting Health Consequences of War 20 August 2024
To the Editor I read with interest the Viewpoint by Dr Greenland and colleagues and the response by JAMA editors Drs Curfman and Bibbins-Domingo regarding the appropriate role of medical journals in health crises associated with war or political disorder. Greenland and colleagues argued that journals should abstain from publishing political views that are not […]
Medications for Obesity 20 August 2024
This review examines the safety and efficacy of various antiobesity medications in conjunction with lifestyle modification according to their mechanism of action, including intragastrointestinal, centrally acting, and nutrient-stimulated hormone-based medications.

Expanding London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone has improved air quality, report finds 23 August 2024
The expansion of the Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) to outer London has been highly effective in reducing the proportion and number of older, more polluting vehicles in Greater London, a report by the Greater London Authority has found.1The ULEZ expansion has also been associated with a fall in air pollutants and better air quality […]
Ingrid Torjesen
Consultants in Northern Ireland accept pay offer from government 23 August 2024
The BMA’s Northern Ireland Consultants Committee has accepted a pay offer from the Department of Health in a move that ends their pay dispute.After a three week referendum of consultants in Northern Ireland that saw a 75.1% turnout, 94.3% voted to accept a 5.26% average additional uplift. The deal was offered after pay negotiations that […]
Dorjee Wangmo
We need a global framework for promoting safe handling of high consequence pathogens 23 August 2024
The covid-19 pandemic has highlighted ongoing concerns regarding biosafety and biosecurity procedures in global pathogen research. This includes questions about any possible role of field and laboratory research into the emergence of the SARS-COV-2 virus.1 The $125m Discovery and Exploration of Emerging Pathogens-Viral Zoonoses programme, funded by the US Agency for International Development, researching new […]
Erik Albert Karlsson, Stuart Dean Blacksell, Dennis Carroll, David Ross Harper, Subhash Morzaria, Filip Claes

Pharmacological interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units: a network meta-analysis 24 August 2024
ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).Design and settingSystematic review and frequentist network meta-analysis using standard methodological procedures as recommended by Cochrane for screening of records, data extraction and analysis. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) […]
Toews, I., Hussain, S., Nyirenda, J. L. Z., Willis, M. A., Kantorova, L., Slezakova, S., Boltena, M. T., Victor, J. P., Fontes, L. E. S., Klugar, M., Sadeghirad, B., Meerpohl, J. J.
Stop searching and you will find it: Search-Resistant Concepts in systematic review searches 6 August 2024
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPICSearch strategies do not necessarily include all the concepts from the review questions, and some are left out of the search strategies.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDSThis paper suggests the new term search-resistant concepts for concepts that are not searchable because of human’s lack of knowledge regarding the concept, poor reporting […]
Shokraneh, F.
Risk ratios, odds ratios and the risk difference 31 July 2024
The risk ratioScenarioAs a heart surgeon, you regularly perform aortic valve replacement, using a median sternotomy technique. However, you are aware that less-invasive options are available, and you wonder whether these may be as effective and safe as your current practice. After searching the Cochrane Library, you find a systematic review, ‘Limited versus full sternotomy […]
Richardson, R., Kanellopoulou, A., Dwan, K.

Work for us 22 August 2024
INQUEST is currently recruiting for three volunteers in the Policy and Communications team.
Inquest
INQUEST LAWYERS GROUP ONLINE ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2024 22 August 2024
INQUEST invites members of the INQUEST Lawyers Group (ILG) to register for this year’s online Annual Conference, presented over the course of four lunchtime sessions from 26 September - 17 October 2024. This is for ILG members only, to encourage participation and open discussion. This is a paid for event and all funds go towards […]
Inquest
Deaths in prison 22 August 2024
In this country we do not give a death sentence, but for everyone who has taken their life in prison that is exactly what they got - Mark Saunders, whose son Dean died in HMP & YOI Chelmsford in 2016 Below is a breakdown of deaths in prison in England and Wales by calendar year […]
Inquest