- Pilot trial evaluated HARU ASD mobile cognitive behavioural therapy for anger in adolescents and young adults with ASD without intellectual disability; total participants 30.
- After Holm-Bonferroni correction, only caregiver-proxy reported direct anger-out showed significant reduction, indicating decreased verbal and behavioural anger expression in the intervention group.
- Overall findings indicate limited efficacy of HARU ASD for anger management; larger, prespecified trials are necessary to confirm effectiveness.
Behav Modif. 2026 Oct 17:1454455261495107. doi: 10.1177/01454455261495107. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the preliminary efficacy of HARU ASD, a mobile-based cognitive behavioral therapy program (mCBT), for anger management in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder without intellectual disability. Thirty participants (intervention group n = 16, waitlist control group n = 14) and twenty-five caregivers (intervention group n = 14, waitlist control group n = 11) were included in the final analysis. Self-report, caregiver-proxy questionnaires (9 subscales each), and direct behavioral observations (5 domains) were administered before and after the intervention. After Holm-Bonferroni correction, only the caregiver-proxy reported direct anger-out remained significant, suggesting reduced direct verbal and behavioral anger expression in the intervention group. These findings suggest the limited effectiveness of the HARU ASD for managing anger among individuals with ASD without ID, although larger trials with prespecified primary outcomes are needed.Clinical trial registration: CRIS (https://cris.nih.go.kr), KCT0009760.
PMID:42892713 | DOI:10.1177/01454455261495107
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