- EFA showed each Telugu-translated scale loaded on a single factor: WHO-WBI "mood" (eigenvalue 3.810), ULS "loneliness" (2.504), PCS "criticism" (2.105).
- Internal consistency acceptable: Cronbach's alpha 0.90 for WHO-WBI and ULS, 0.78 for PCS.
- Telugu WHO-WBI, ULS, and PCS demonstrate fair-to-good structural validity and internal consistency for assessing caregivers of schizophrenia patients.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2026 Sep;68(9):831-834. doi: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_273_26. Epub 2026 Sep 17.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The lack of locally validated instruments hinders proper evaluation and management of caregiver burden.
AIM: To perform an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of Telugu-translated scales assessing psychological factors related to caregiver burden.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at three sites: Among 100 caregivers of schizophrenia patients using Telugu-translated versions of the WHO Well-being Index (WHO WBI), the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS), and the Perceived Criticism Scale (PCS). EFA was used to identify the factor structure.
RESULTS: Principal component analysis revealed that the items of the scales- WHO-WBI, ULS, and PCS were significantly loaded on one factor each, with eigenvalues of 3.810, 2.504, and 2.105, respectively, and the substantive factors represent “mood”, “loneliness”, and “criticism”, respectively. Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.9 for WHO-WBI and ULS, and 0.78 for PCS, indicating an acceptable level of internal consistency.
CONCLUSION: Telugu versions of WHO-WBI, ULS, and PCS hold fair-to-good structural validity and internal consistency.
PMID:42812936 | PMC:PMC13623256 | DOI:10.4103/indianjpsychiatry_273_26
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