Assessing the perspectives of radiation therapists on managing dementia in radiotherapy: An international qualitative study

J Med Imaging Radiat Sci. 2026 Nov 3;58(1):102611. doi: 10.1016/j.jmir.2026.102611. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The incidence of dementia and cancer increases with age, creating additional challenges for cancer services as populations age and life expectancy rises. Radiotherapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment and should remain accessible through patient-centred care. Understanding registered radiation therapists’ (RRTs) knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding patients with dementia is therefore important for equitable service provision.

AIM: To evaluate dementia-related knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions among registered radiation therapists (RRTs) working in radiotherapy departments and to explore factors influencing their confidence and preparedness in caring for patients with dementia.

METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among RRTs working in radiotherapy practice. The questionnaire collected demographic information and included the validated Alzheimer’s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS), the Dementia Attitude Scale (DAS), and supplementary open-ended questions. Closed-ended responses were summarised using descriptive statistics, and open-ended responses were reviewed descriptively to contextualise participants’ experiences and perceived challenges.

RESULTS: Of 54 responses received, 40 questionnaires were complete. Prior clinical or personal exposure to dementia was reported by 55.0% (n = 22). Only three respondents (7.5%) reported that their departments had dementia-management guidelines, while 90.0% (n = 36) identified opportunities to improve radiotherapy care for patients with dementia. Across the 30 ADKS items, 76.7% of responses were correct. DAS item responses varied, and only 4.8% (n = 2) strongly agreed that they felt confident around people with dementia.

CONCLUSION: RRTs showed generally positive attitudes toward caring for patients with dementia, but limited confidence and the scarcity of departmental guidance may hinder consistent care. Targeted education and radiotherapy-specific protocols are warranted.

PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: More people are living with both cancer and dementia, which can create challenges during radiation therapy treatment. This study surveyed radiation therapists about their knowledge, confidence, and experiences of caring for people living with dementia. This study found that therapists had generally positive attitudes but often lacked confidence and reported limited guidance for managing dementia-related needs. This matters because better training and clear care guidelines can help improve the treatment experience for people living with dementia.

PMID:42976683 | DOI:10.1016/j.jmir.2026.102611