Modular brain networks shape amyloid-driven tau spread and cognitive decline

AI Summary

Epicenter broadcast capacity (EBC) quantifies whether tau epicentres preferentially access cross-network versus within-network communication pathways.
Higher EBC predicts faster Aβ-related global tau accumulation, wider spatial spread, and accelerated cognitive decline.
Connectivity with cross-network connectors promotes brain-wide tau broadcast; preferential within-network routing promotes regional containment and slower progression.

Alzheimers Dement. 2026 Jul;22(7):e71617. doi: 10.1002/alz.71617.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer’s disease involves trans-synaptic spread of tau pathology from temporal lobe epicenters, driven by amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition. How modular brain network architecture shapes this process and the ensuing cognitive decline remains incompletely understood. We tested whether the efficiency with which tau epicenters access cross-network communication pathways modulates Aβ-driven tau propagation.

METHODS: We combined baseline/longitudinal amyloid/tau positron emission tomography (PET) data across two independent AD cohorts (N = 490) with multimodal connectomics data. We quantified epicenter broadcast capacity (EBC), capturing whether tau epicenters preferentially access regions supporting cross-network communication or within-network communication.

RESULTS: Higher EBC was associated with faster Aβ-related global tau accumulation, greater spatial tau spread, and steeper cognitive decline. Effects were driven by stronger epicenter communication with cross-network connectors, whereas preferential within-network routing was associated with relative containment of tau spread.

DISCUSSION: We identify a mechanism through which epicenter connectivity biases Aβ-driven tau propagation toward brain-wide broadcast or regional containment, helping explain heterogeneity in disease progression.

PMID:42418471 | DOI:10.1002/alz.71617

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