Multimodal Hydrogel-Based Sensors for Sleep Respiratory Monitoring: Signal Sensing Mechanisms and Structural Design Strategies

01/10/2026

AI Summary

Urgent need for comfortable, continuous and accurate sleep respiratory monitoring; hydrogels offer skin-like mechanics, high biocompatibility and ionic conductivity.
Multimodal hydrogel sensors concurrently acquire mechanical, thermohygrometric and electrophysiological signals, enabling comprehensive respiratory monitoring and AI-assisted sleep state recognition.
Structural strategies, including single-layer, multilayer, biomimetic and integrated architectures, facilitate multimodal signal acquisition, interference suppression and sensing performance optimisation.

TL;DR (AI Generated)

Recent multimodal hydrogel-based sensors enable simultaneous acquisition of mechanical, thermohygrometric, and electrophysiological signals, providing new opportunities for comprehensive sleep respiratory monitoring.

This review systematically discusses the mechanisms for acquiring and analyzing multimodal physiological signals, including respiratory motion, respiratory airflow, auxiliary physiological signals, and AI-assisted sleep respiratory state recognition.

This review provides valuable references for the future development of high-performance wearable multimodal hydrogel-based sensors toward sleep respiratory monitoring.

Basic summary

Sensors (Basel). 2026 Sep 21;26(18):5980. doi: 10.3390/s26185980.

ABSTRACT

Sleep-related breathing disorders, particularly the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, lead to an urgent demand for continuous, comfortable, and accurate monitoring technologies. However, conventional polysomnography is limited by complex procedures, poor wearing comfort, and restricted suitability for long-term monitoring. Owing to their skin-like mechanical performance, high biocompatibility, high ionic conductivity, and excellent tissue compatibility, hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for flexible bioelectronic devices. Recent multimodal hydrogel-based sensors enable simultaneous acquisition of mechanical, thermohygrometric, and electrophysiological signals, providing new opportunities for comprehensive sleep respiratory monitoring. This review systematically discusses the mechanisms for acquiring and analyzing multimodal physiological signals, including respiratory motion, respiratory airflow, auxiliary physiological signals, and AI-assisted sleep respiratory state recognition. Furthermore, structural design strategies, including single-layer, multilayer, biomimetic, and integrated architectures, are reviewed to clarify how structural configurations facilitate multimodal signal acquisition, signal interference suppression, and sensing performance optimization. This review provides valuable references for the future development of high-performance wearable multimodal hydrogel-based sensors toward sleep respiratory monitoring.

PMID:42817521 | DOI:10.3390/s26185980

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