Cureus. 2025 Nov 7;17(11):e96282. doi: 10.7759/cureus.96282. eCollection 2025 Nov.
ABSTRACT
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common spinal orthopedic condition that is associated with a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is known to affect bone health, and we conducted a systematic review to assess the impact of vitamin D deficiency on patients diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who undergo surgery. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist for our systematic review, utilizing various databases to conduct a thorough analysis of the current literature. We included specific search terms related to vitamin D deficiency and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, and considered articles published between 2010 and 2025, focusing on papers with free full-text access. We used the PRISMA flowchart and initially identified 1,286 articles using the keywords for our search strategy across the databases. After removing duplicates, conducting title screening, assessing abstracts, and evaluating quality, we included 12 research papers in this review. Our review focused on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients and the impact of vitamin D deficiency on patients undergoing surgical management. This study was inconclusive in proving how significant the impact of vitamin D deficiency was in surgical adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, and we recommended conducting additional research to establish the importance of correcting vitamin D deficiency pre-operatively. However, considering that vitamin D has been linked to poorer surgical outcomes in most of the studies included in our review, we recommend routine screening for vitamin D in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients and its correction pre-operatively.
PMID:41362549 | PMC:PMC12681963 | DOI:10.7759/cureus.96282
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