J Inj Violence Res. 2025 Mar 16;17(1). Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Maxillofacial injuries are common in emergency departments of hospitals. However, there is limited regional data on facial fracture patterns in rural India. This study examines the etiology and anatomical distribution of facial fractures among adults attending Malda Medical College and Hospital in eastern India.
METHODS: This retrospective study included all adult patients (≥18 years) with radiologically confirmed facial fractures from August 2018 to July 2023. Data were collected on demographics, etiology, and fracture location. Patients with isolated soft tissue injuries or dentoalveolar fractures were excluded. Data analysis was performed using Epi Info 7 software.
RESULTS: In this study, 387 individuals with 557 facial fractures (averaging 1.43 fractures per person) participated. The average age was 37.56 ± 3.80 years, featuring a higher proportion of males (77.8%). Road traffic accidents (RTAs) accounted for 60.5% of the cases, making them the primary factor. Falls came next at 18.6%, followed by violence (12.1%) and sports injuries (8.8%). The most commonly affected areas were the mandible (33.0%), zygomatic complex (28.2%), and nasal bones (11.8%). Mandibular fractures were primarily caused by RTAs in males, while falls were more common among females. The etiology of fractures varies significantly between males and females (p = 0.000).
CONCLUSIONS: RTAs were the main reason for facial fractures in eastern India, predominantly affecting young males.
PMID:41111329
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